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README.md
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README.md
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these are the hardware design files for **insert project name here**.
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This is the DMX splitter for WLED chain.
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purpose
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=======
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WLED chain devices can be inter-connector using Ethernet cables.
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They can carry data signal and power.
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The DMX splitter allows injecting DMX512 data signal from regular XLR cable, and power from external power supplies.
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The WLED chain is electrically isolated from the XLR chain.
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usage
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=====
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To inject DMX512 on the WLED chain link, connect regular DMX512 XLR cable to the XLR adapter DMX IN port.
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It uses the prohibited 3-pin variant of the XLR connector because this is most used is amateur DMX512 installations.
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The D1+ and D1- signal are mapped from the XLR port (pin 3 and 2, with ground on pin 1) to the RJ45 port (pin 1 and 2, with ground on 7 and 8) according to ANSI E1.11-2008 §7.3.
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To inject power on the WLED chain link, connect the external power supply to the XLR adapter DC IN port, either the 2.1/5.5 barrel jack, or the spring terminals.
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The input voltage should be within the maximum rating of the WLED chain (6-60V DC).
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Plus is mapped on RJ45 pin 4 and 5.
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Minus is mapped on RJ45 pin 7 and 8.
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This is also according to passive Power-over-Ethernet (PoE) mode B.
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properties
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==========
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The XLR chain and WLED chain circuits are electrically isolated.
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The DMX splitter board needs to be powered to operate.
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The DMX512 data will then be copied from the XLR chain to the RJ45 port for WLED chain.
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The power can come from the 2.1/5.5 barrel jack (marked VIN), the spring terminals (the two terminals next to VIN), or from the WLED chain through the RJ45 port or corresponding terminal.
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There is an over-current protection on VIN using a 2.2 A PPTC polymer fuse.
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PoE++ allows only up to 960 mA per pair.
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We are using two pairs for power transfer, thus allowing a little under 2 A.
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This limitation is because CAT5 cables use AWG 24 wires, with a resistance of 0.2 Ohm/m.
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Letting more current through would cause the cable to heat above dangerous 75 degC.
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To provide more power, use higher voltages, up to 60V.
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There is also a reverse polarity protection.
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It uses a inline diode.
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Thus, on the WLED chain device the voltage will be at least 0.5V lower.
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Take this into account when reusing this power rails from the WLED chain.
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The yellow LED on the RJ45 port lights on when power is available on VIN.
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The green LED on the RJ45 port light on when the electronic on the board is powered, using the on-board DC to DC buck regulator to 5V.
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The optional green LED on the center of the board blinks upon DMX512 traffic from the XLR port to RJ45.
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The optional red LED on the center of the board blinks upon DMX512 traffic from the RJ45 port to XLR, but this should never happen (it's only for custom mods).
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The board can be mounted in waterproof enclosures (for [sonoff](https://www.sonoffegypt.com/products/sonoff-ip66-waterproof-case) or generic [100x68x50 mm](https://www.aliexpress.com/item/1005005622148025.html)).
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You can drill holes on the side of the box to get access to the XLR and barrel port.
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This will not be waterproof anymore though.
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Instead, you can put the corresponding cables through waterproof glands (not large enough for connectors), and connect the individual wires to the spring terminals (mark VIN, DMX IN, and DMX OUT).
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Similarly, there are string terminal for the RJ45 wires.
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The terminals match the 8P8C pin numbers, and the wire colors are indicated in the bottom.
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